Where tenders draw a single bid
35.9% of the 571,148 lots awarded through the EU Official Journal (TED) from January to July 2026 received one tender and no other. The median lot drew 2. Every contract award notice in Europe has carried that number since eForms, and nobody adds it up.
Data: TED, the EU Official Journal, harvested
Against the Union's own target
The Commission's reform milestones put the share of single-bid procedures below 15%, counted above and below the EU thresholds. Above the thresholds, where the Official Journal can be counted directly and on one definition for everyone, not one of the 27 member states was under it between January and July 2026. The closest are Finland at 17.2%, France at 18.8%, Ireland at 20.6%. The only country in this table below the line is Switzerland at 12.2%, which is not in the Union.
Read that as the half of the picture it is. The target covers procedures below the thresholds too, and those are more contested: France reads 17.5% in its own register against 18.8% here, and Portugal 13.8% against 41.3%. A member state can be far from the line here and closer to it once its small contracts are counted. What this measures exactly is the large end, everywhere, the same way.
By country
Of the countries with at least 1,000 lots, Poland is the thinnest at 57.5% and Switzerland the keenest at 12.2%. Read every share next to its lot count: the smallest countries here carry a few dozen lots, which is enough to pass the bar and not enough to describe a market. The 26 countries above a thousand lots each open a page with their own CPV divisions and codes.
| Code | Country | Single bid | Lots |
|---|---|---|---|
| POL | Polandmedian 1, mean 2.2 | 57.5% | 75,144 |
| GRC | Greecemedian 1, mean 2.7 | 55.9% | 5,177 |
| CYP | Cyprusmedian 1, mean 2.2 | 54.1% | 545 |
| SVN | Sloveniamedian 2, mean 2.3 | 46.9% | 10,784 |
| BGR | Bulgariamedian 2, mean 2.9 | 46.7% | 13,222 |
| CZE | Czechiamedian 2, mean 3.2 | 44.6% | 26,095 |
| PRT | Portugalmedian 2, mean 3.8 | 41.3% | 7,093 |
| HUN | Hungarymedian 2, mean 2.6 | 39.6% | 7,950 |
| ESP | Spainmedian 2, mean 4.2 | 38.1% | 26,519 |
| LTU | Lithuaniamedian 2, mean 2.6 | 37.2% | 2,500 |
| ITA | Italymedian 2, mean 3.8 | 35.5% | 8,220 |
| ROU | Romaniamedian 2, mean 2.8 | 33.4% | 247,071 |
| MKD | North Macedoniamedian 3, mean 3.8 | 33.3% | 30 |
| HRV | Croatiamedian 2, mean 2.5 | 33.0% | 19,028 |
| EST | Estoniamedian 2, mean 3.4 | 32.5% | 5,091 |
| SVK | Slovakiamedian 2, mean 2.6 | 29.3% | 5,612 |
| MLT | Maltamedian 3, mean 3.9 | 28.0% | 399 |
| NLD | Netherlandsmedian 3, mean 3.5 | 26.1% | 5,020 |
| AUT | Austriamedian 3, mean 3.9 | 25.6% | 3,596 |
| LUX | Luxembourgmedian 3, mean 4.2 | 25.6% | 511 |
| BEL | Belgiummedian 3, mean 3.3 | 25.3% | 5,780 |
| LVA | Latviamedian 3, mean 4.6 | 24.5% | 7,392 |
| LIE | Liechtensteinmedian 3, mean 2.5 | 23.8% | 63 |
| DNK | Denmarkmedian 3, mean 3.4 | 23.7% | 2,901 |
| SWE | Swedenmedian 3, mean 4.7 | 22.7% | 7,868 |
| DEU | Germanymedian 3, mean 5 | 21.2% | 39,847 |
| IRL | Irelandmedian 3, mean 4.4 | 20.6% | 1,900 |
| NOR | Norwaymedian 3, mean 4 | 19.5% | 1,435 |
| FRA | Francemedian 3, mean 5.9 | 18.8% | 26,902 |
| ISL | Icelandmedian 3, mean 3.9 | 18.3% | 98 |
| TUR | Turkeymedian 2, mean 2.8 | 18.3% | 136 |
| FIN | Finlandmedian 4, mean 4.5 | 17.2% | 3,904 |
| CHE | Switzerlandmedian 4, mean 4.8 | 12.2% | 3,127 |
| GBR | United Kingdommedian 10, mean 9.2 | 1.6% | 60 |
Who won them is the other half. From January to September 2026, companies registered in another country won 3.8% of the award notices naming a winner in the 27 member states, and Ireland's 19.3% is the highest among the larger markets: cross-border public procurement, country by country, with the single-bid share over the same months beside it.
Two registers, counted separately, agreeing
France publishes the same field in its own national register, the DECP, for every notified marché rather than only those above the EU threshold. Counted there, on a different file, a different population and a different pipeline, 17.5% of open procedures drew a single offer. Counted here, on what France published to Brussels, 18.8% of 26,902 lots did. Portugal reads 13.8% in its own register against 41.3% here, and the gap is the threshold: TED carries the large contracts, and the small ones a national register also carries are more contested. Neither number checks the other, and that is the point of publishing both with their universes named. The French register, code by code · the Portuguese one.
The United Kingdom appears in the table with 60 lots because it left the Union and stopped publishing here. That is a residue and not a market, and the share beside it should be read as one. It publishes to Find a Tender now, which carries the same field, so the British question is answered on the British register, with awards made without a call for competition excluded as they are everywhere else on this site.
By CPV division
A notice counts towards a division only when all of its CPV codes sit in that division, which 134,240 of 215,323 notices do. The rest are left out rather than split by a guess.
| CPV | Division | Single bid | Lots |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41 | Collected and purified water | 73.6% | 72 |
| 76 | Services related to the oil and gas industry | 72.8% | 162 |
| 50 | Repair and maintenance services | 58.4% | 18,319 |
| 38 | Laboratory, optical and precision equipments (excl. glasses) | 57.8% | 5,066 |
| 48 | Software package and information systems | 54.4% | 3,297 |
| 65 | Public utilities | 53.2% | 265 |
| 92 | Recreational, cultural and sporting services | 51.4% | 776 |
| 80 | Education and training services | 47.0% | 2,410 |
| 24 | Chemical products | 46.9% | 2,766 |
| 43 | Machinery for mining, quarrying, construction equipment | 46.8% | 641 |
| 85 | Health and social work services | 46.6% | 3,657 |
| 72 | IT services: consulting, software development, Internet and support | 46.1% | 8,180 |
| 35 | Security, fire-fighting, police and defence equipment | 45.0% | 2,089 |
| 73 | Research and development services and related consultancy services | 42.5% | 771 |
| 42 | Industrial machinery | 42.4% | 2,504 |
| 16 | Agricultural machinery | 40.8% | 497 |
| 33 | Medical equipments, pharmaceuticals and personal care products | 40.6% | 253,561 |
| 34 | Transport equipment and auxiliary products to transportation | 40.2% | 11,054 |
| 32 | Radio, television, communication, telecommunication and related equipment | 39.8% | 1,686 |
| 63 | Supporting and auxiliary transport services; travel agencies services | 39.7% | 1,192 |
| 64 | Postal and telecommunications services | 39.1% | 1,525 |
| 22 | Printed matter and related products | 38.8% | 917 |
| 70 | Real estate services | 38.0% | 347 |
| 66 | Financial and insurance services | 37.3% | 4,777 |
| 14 | Mining, basic metals and related products | 36.0% | 607 |
| 98 | Other community, social and personal services | 35.4% | 1,222 |
| 09 | Petroleum products, fuel, electricity and other sources of energy | 34.7% | 5,304 |
| 55 | Hotel, restaurant and retail trade services | 32.5% | 1,608 |
| 51 | Installation services (except software) | 32.4% | 545 |
| 37 | Musical instruments, sport goods, games, toys, handicraft, art materials and accessories | 30.9% | 375 |
| 31 | Electrical machinery, apparatus, equipment and consumables; lighting | 29.9% | 3,298 |
| 75 | Administration, defence and social security services | 29.6% | 489 |
| 30 | Office and computing machinery, equipment and supplies except furniture and software packages | 28.6% | 6,277 |
| 44 | Construction structures and materials; auxiliary products to construction (except electric apparatus) | 28.1% | 3,431 |
| 18 | Clothing, footwear, luggage articles and accessories | 28.0% | 1,804 |
| 90 | Sewage, refuse, cleaning and environmental services | 26.3% | 15,548 |
| 60 | Transport services (excl. Waste transport) | 25.4% | 8,514 |
| 77 | Agricultural, forestry, horticultural, aquacultural and apicultural services | 25.1% | 10,503 |
| 03 | Agricultural, farming, fishing, forestry and related products | 24.7% | 1,127 |
| 79 | Business services: law, marketing, consulting, recruitment, printing and security | 24.2% | 8,500 |
| 19 | Leather and textile fabrics, plastic and rubber materials | 21.4% | 257 |
| 39 | Furniture (incl. office furniture), furnishings, domestic appliances (excl. lighting) and cleaning products | 20.2% | 6,550 |
| 15 | Food, beverages, tobacco and related products | 19.0% | 13,762 |
| 71 | Architectural, construction, engineering and inspection services | 18.8% | 18,643 |
| 45 | Construction work | 13.5% | 25,510 |
Code by code
The 961 CPV codes carrying at least 30 lots, from a notice that named exactly one code so the lot could be attributed without inventing the join. The 100 where a single bid is commonest are listed here, and each opens its page in the CPV tree, which states the same share for every code. All 961, in this order, are in single-bid-europe.json with their mean and median, and, to read, in single-bid-europe.md.
| Code | Description | Single bid | Lots |
|---|---|---|---|
| 92621000 | Sports-event promotion services | 100.0% | 62 |
| 33124000 | Diagnostics and radiodiagnostic devices and supplies | 100.0% | 36 |
| 92210000 | Radio services | 100.0% | 34 |
| 33692600 | Galenical solutions | 100.0% | 141 |
| 35520000 | Parts for warships | 100.0% | 30 |
| 85131000 | Dental-practice services | 97.8% | 47 |
| 34632200 | Electrical signalling equipment for railways | 97.6% | 42 |
| 09122110 | Liquefied propane gas | 97.2% | 36 |
| 33158210 | Stimulator | 97.1% | 35 |
| 45112450 | Excavation work at archaeological sites | 97.1% | 35 |
| 09323000 | District heating | 94.4% | 72 |
| 70220000 | Non-residential property renting or leasing services | 93.3% | 45 |
| 45233280 | Erection of road-barriers | 92.8% | 112 |
| 72320000 | Database services | 92.2% | 129 |
| 33195000 | Patient-monitoring system | 91.9% | 112 |
| 98110000 | Services furnished by business, professional and specialist organisations | 91.4% | 35 |
| 33696200 | Blood-testing reagents | 91.3% | 381 |
| 79342200 | Promotional services | 91.2% | 103 |
| 38434500 | Biochemical analysers | 91.0% | 56 |
| 50114000 | Repair and maintenance services of trucks | 90.2% | 41 |
| 34632000 | Railways traffic-control equipment | 88.8% | 45 |
| 50421200 | Repair and maintenance services of X-ray equipment | 88.5% | 261 |
| 64216200 | Electronic information services | 88.0% | 50 |
| 42124340 | Parts of gas compressors | 87.0% | 31 |
| 50313000 | Maintenance and repair of reprographic machinery | 86.8% | 38 |
| 60180000 | Hire of goods-transport vehicles with driver | 86.7% | 83 |
| 50712000 | Repair and maintenance services of mechanical building installations | 86.7% | 98 |
| 38636100 | Lasers | 86.3% | 44 |
| 33141750 | Artificial joints | 86.0% | 79 |
| 50410000 | Repair and maintenance services of measuring, testing and checking apparatus | 85.8% | 198 |
| 30197644 | Xerographic paper | 85.2% | 68 |
| 34990000 | Control, safety, signalling and light equipment | 85.2% | 34 |
| 24110000 | Industrial gases | 85.1% | 54 |
| 79980000 | Subscription services | 84.0% | 132 |
| 50210000 | Repair, maintenance and associated services related to aircraft and other equipment | 83.7% | 43 |
| 33132000 | Dental implant | 83.7% | 37 |
| 33185200 | Cochlear implant | 83.3% | 48 |
| 09344000 | Radio-isotopes | 83.3% | 48 |
| 72267000 | Software maintenance and repair services | 83.0% | 325 |
| 33184300 | Artificial parts of the heart | 82.8% | 111 |
| 63512000 | Sale of travel tickets and package tours services | 82.6% | 104 |
| 33123000 | Cardiovascular devices | 82.6% | 161 |
| 30214000 | Workstations | 82.5% | 63 |
| 50113000 | Repair and maintenance services of buses | 82.3% | 34 |
| 50312000 | Maintenance and repair of computer equipment | 81.8% | 66 |
| 50118110 | Vehicle towing-away services | 81.8% | 55 |
| 33124120 | Diagnostic ultrasound devices | 81.5% | 38 |
| 76100000 | Professional services for the gas industry | 80.8% | 47 |
| 33160000 | Operating techniques | 80.6% | 31 |
| 33150000 | Radiotherapy, mechanotherapy, electrotherapy and physical therapy devices | 80.5% | 36 |
| 33692300 | Enteral feeds | 80.0% | 60 |
| 33183200 | Orthopaedic prostheses | 79.8% | 303 |
| 33182300 | Cardiac surgery devices | 79.4% | 34 |
| 33124110 | Diagnostic systems | 78.7% | 127 |
| 33141770 | Fracture appliances, pins and plates | 78.5% | 42 |
| 22200000 | Newspapers, journals, periodicals and magazines | 78.4% | 65 |
| 35400000 | Military vehicles and associated parts | 78.4% | 93 |
| 33692100 | Infusion solutions | 78.3% | 194 |
| 63121100 | Storage services | 78.3% | 134 |
| 31321000 | Electricity power lines | 78.2% | 78 |
| 38540000 | Machines and apparatus for testing and measuring | 78.0% | 105 |
| 33112200 | Ultrasonic unit | 77.9% | 109 |
| 41110000 | Drinking water | 77.9% | 59 |
| 09131100 | Kerosene jet type fuels | 77.8% | 149 |
| 65300000 | Electricity distribution and related services | 77.5% | 49 |
| 38432000 | Analysis apparatus | 77.5% | 49 |
| 38433100 | Mass spectrometer | 77.3% | 75 |
| 22112000 | Textbooks | 77.3% | 75 |
| 38433000 | Spectrometers | 77.1% | 70 |
| 55110000 | Hotel accommodation services | 77.0% | 87 |
| 38434000 | Analysers | 76.9% | 39 |
| 33182220 | Cardiac valve | 76.9% | 91 |
| 45500000 | Hire of construction and civil engineering machinery and equipment with operator | 76.3% | 76 |
| 50220000 | Repair, maintenance and associated services related to railways and other equipment | 76.0% | 92 |
| 72267100 | Maintenance of information technology software | 75.5% | 180 |
| 15894200 | Prepared meals | 75.5% | 49 |
| 50324100 | System maintenance services | 75.1% | 173 |
| 64110000 | Postal services | 75.0% | 80 |
| 33183100 | Orthopaedic implants | 74.8% | 835 |
| 33697000 | Medical preparations excluding dental consumables | 74.6% | 75 |
| 24300000 | Basic inorganic and organic chemicals | 74.4% | 172 |
| 85120000 | Medical practice and related services | 74.4% | 43 |
| 33124130 | Diagnostic supplies | 74.3% | 78 |
| 72253200 | Systems support services | 74.1% | 89 |
| 50411000 | Repair and maintenance services of measuring apparatus | 74.1% | 31 |
| 64228200 | Radio broadcast transmission services | 74.0% | 54 |
| 85121100 | General-practitioner services | 73.9% | 46 |
| 85311300 | Welfare services for children and young people | 73.9% | 69 |
| 50400000 | Repair and maintenance services of medical and precision equipment | 73.3% | 1,971 |
| 38500000 | Checking and testing apparatus | 73.3% | 75 |
| 50532400 | Repair and maintenance services of electrical distribution equipment | 73.1% | 235 |
| 48190000 | Educational software package | 73.1% | 41 |
| 85150000 | Medical imaging services | 73.0% | 89 |
| 85121200 | Medical specialist services | 72.2% | 83 |
| 33182100 | Defibrillator | 72.1% | 61 |
| 33141625 | Diagnostic kits | 72.0% | 50 |
| 85311200 | Welfare services for the handicapped | 71.9% | 57 |
| 80212000 | Vocational secondary education services | 71.8% | 32 |
| 55523000 | Catering services for other enterprises or other institutions | 71.7% | 46 |
| 33731110 | Intraocular lenses | 71.7% | 39 |
Written in the country's own language
For 15 of these countries the same count exists as a page written in the language the market is bid in, rather than translated into it. Nobody else publishes the figure in any of them. Until now each was reachable only from its own row above, which is one link into a page that answers a question a whole country asks.
- Licitaciones con una sola oferta en Españaes
- Gare con una sola offerta in Italiait
- Licitații cu o singură ofertă în Româniaro-RO
- Veřejné zakázky s jedinou nabídkou v Českucs-CZ
- Upphandlingar med ett enda anbud i Sverigesv-SE
- Ausschreibungen mit nur einem Bieter in Österreichde-DE
- Ausschreibungen mit nur einem Bieter in der Schweizde-DE
- Aanbestedingen met één inschrijving in Belgiënl-NL
- Ausschreibungen mit nur einem Bieter in Deutschlandde-DE
- Przetargi z jedną ofertą w Polscepl-PL
- Aanbestedingen met één inschrijving in Nederlandnl-NL
- Δημόσιοι διαγωνισμοί με μία προσφορά στην Ελλάδαel-GR
- Обществени поръчки с една оферта в Българияbg-BG
- Javna naročila z eno samo ponudbo v Slovenijisl-SI
- Javna nabava s jednom ponudom u Hrvatskojhr-HR
How this is counted
The source is TED, the EU Official Journal, and the field is BT-759, the count of submissions received, which eForms requires on every contract award notice. BT-760 says what each count counts, and it has ten values in this period: only the total is read here, never the electronic, SME or non-EEA subsets, because they overlap and an SME sending an electronic bid appears in three of them. 164,798 of the 215,323 award notices published in the period carry a total, and the unit is the lot, not the notice: a notice can award many lots and each is a contract bid for on its own. A country, division or code is only listed above 30 lots, so a share always rests on something. Two kinds of lot are dropped as impossible. 78,874 declare zero tenders received on a notice that awarded a contract, which cannot happen: Romania says it on 18.8% of its lots, Italy on 17.0%, France on 14.9%, Poland on 1.8%. Reading those as total absence of competition would be the loudest thing this file could be made to say and a false one. And 24 report more than 500: one Irish notice reports 2,416,436 tenders received and a French one 629,812, which are amounts typed into the count field, cut at the same place the French pipeline cuts them. TED carries procurement above the EU thresholds, so this is the large end of every national market and not the whole of it. Harvested from the TED search API on 2026-09-08. No euro figures appear on this page on purpose: a TED value mixes framework ceilings with contract values across twenty-seven legal regimes.
Frequently asked questions
01What share of EU public tenders receives only one bid?
35.9% of the 571,148 lots awarded through the EU Official Journal between January and July 2026 received exactly one tender. The median lot drew 2 tenders. Counted on eForms BT-759, the submission count every contract award notice must carry, across 164,798 notices.
02How many EU countries meet the target for single-bid procurement?
The Commission's reform milestones put the share of single-bid procedures below 15%, counted above and below the EU thresholds. Above the thresholds, counted on the EU Official Journal between January and July 2026, none of the 27 member states was under it. The closest are Finland at 17.2%, France at 18.8%, Ireland at 20.6%. The only country in the table below the line is Switzerland, which is not in the Union. The target's universe also includes contracts below the thresholds, which are more contested, so this measures the large end of it.
03Which EU country has the least competition in public tenders?
Poland: 57.5% of 75,144 lots drew a single bid, median 1. Greece: 55.9% of 5,177 lots drew a single bid, median 1. Slovenia: 46.9% of 10,784 lots drew a single bid, median 2. Bulgaria: 46.7% of 13,222 lots drew a single bid, median 2. Czechia: 44.6% of 26,095 lots drew a single bid, median 2. Portugal: 41.3% of 7,093 lots drew a single bid, median 2. Hungary: 39.6% of 7,950 lots drew a single bid, median 2. Spain: 38.1% of 26,519 lots drew a single bid, median 2. Lithuania: 37.2% of 2,500 lots drew a single bid, median 2. Italy: 35.5% of 8,220 lots drew a single bid, median 2. Romania: 33.4% of 247,071 lots drew a single bid, median 2. Croatia: 33.0% of 19,028 lots drew a single bid, median 2. Estonia: 32.5% of 5,091 lots drew a single bid, median 2. Slovakia: 29.3% of 5,612 lots drew a single bid, median 2. Netherlands: 26.1% of 5,020 lots drew a single bid, median 3. Austria: 25.6% of 3,596 lots drew a single bid, median 3. Belgium: 25.3% of 5,780 lots drew a single bid, median 3. Latvia: 24.5% of 7,392 lots drew a single bid, median 3. Denmark: 23.7% of 2,901 lots drew a single bid, median 3. Sweden: 22.7% of 7,868 lots drew a single bid, median 3. Germany: 21.2% of 39,847 lots drew a single bid, median 3. Ireland: 20.6% of 1,900 lots drew a single bid, median 3. Norway: 19.5% of 1,435 lots drew a single bid, median 3. France: 18.8% of 26,902 lots drew a single bid, median 3. Finland: 17.2% of 3,904 lots drew a single bid, median 4. Switzerland: 12.2% of 3,127 lots drew a single bid, median 4.
04Which sectors get the fewest bids in EU public procurement?
Collected and purified water: 73.6% of 72 lots. Services related to the oil and gas industry: 72.8% of 162 lots. Repair and maintenance services: 58.4% of 18,319 lots. Laboratory, optical and precision equipments (excl. glasses): 57.8% of 5,066 lots. Software package and information systems: 54.4% of 3,297 lots. Public utilities: 53.2% of 265 lots. Recreational, cultural and sporting services: 51.4% of 776 lots. Education and training services: 47.0% of 2,410 lots. Chemical products: 46.9% of 2,766 lots. Machinery for mining, quarrying, construction equipment: 46.8% of 641 lots.
05Where does this single-bid data come from?
From TED, the EU Official Journal. eForms field BT-759 records the number of submissions received on every contract award notice, and BT-760 says what each count counts; only the total is read here, never the electronic, SME or non-EEA subsets, which overlap. 164,798 of the 215,323 award notices in the period carry a total. The unit is the lot, not the notice.
How to cite
TRINTA, "Where EU public tenders draw a single bid", TED, the EU Official Journal, harvested 8 September 2026, CC BY 4.0, https://trinta.ai/single-bid-europe (accessed [date]).